The aim of this joint conference was to offer a balanced and expert view of the emergence of Czechoslovakia as well as to offer an alternative picture of how the intervention of 1968 further changed the history of the Czechoslovak Socialist Republic and the later developments in Slovakia and the Czech Republic. The theme was presented to the lay and professional public as well as to the diplomatic corps in Belarus. Historical facts in the local environment are drawn mainly from Russian sources, which understandably perceive events differently than the Slovak and the Czech Republics, therefore it is important to present an alternative picture of the events - which this conference provided, at the premises of the Faculty of History of the University of Belarus.